According to the study of the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA), it is predicted that it will be possible to prevent 36.9 gigatons of carbon emissions on an annual basis with the widespread use of energy systems using renewable energy technologies, and 10 percent of this amount can come from the use of hydrogen.
According to the information compiled by IRENA from the report titled "Global Hydrogen Trade for the 1.5-degree Climate Target: Trade for 2050 and Beyond", 15 countries and European Commission hydrogen production strategies in the last months of 2019 to January 2022. announced the use of hydrogen in energy systems and its technology development studies in this field.
According to the report, which predicts that the installed capacity of the electrolyzer, which is 700 megawatts in 2021 and constitutes the main element of green hydrogen production, will increase to 5 terawatts by 2050, green hydrogen produced with the expected decrease in installation costs will contribute to energy security as well as reducing energy imports.
According to the report, 80 percent of global energy demand is met by fossil resources. These resources are located in a few major countries. For example, only five countries worldwide hold 65 and 62 percent of natural gas and oil reserves.
While this situation brings along the diversification of energy resources on a country basis and the search for low-cost alternative energy sources, it highlights sustainable energy sources such as wind and solar and alternatives such as green hydrogen within the scope of combating climate change.
According to IRENA's scenario, in which it is aimed to limit global temperatures to 1.5 degrees in climate change, it is calculated that 70 percent of carbon dioxide emissions can be reduced by some regulations in the energy sector.
Accordingly, ensuring the electrification of energy systems, expanding energy efficiency and increasing renewable energy systems are among these steps.
According to the same scenario, it is calculated that 10 percent of the annual 36.9 gigatons of global carbon emission reduction will be possible with the effective use of hydrogen projects.
Properties of hydrogen
Hydrogen, which is not directly found in nature, can be produced by many methods.
According to the report, one third of the hydrogen produced worldwide is from natural gas, while the rest is from coal.
While hydrogen can be used in all energy systems, large capacity renewable power plants are needed for green hydrogen production.
Hydrogen is an alternative source with the highest energy content per unit mass among known fuels.
During the generation of energy from hydrogen, which is a more efficient fuel than petroleum derivatives, no harmful chemicals are released to the environment.
Hydrogen can be used as an energy source, raw material and energy carrier in energy, transportation and heavy industry.
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